Biography of Frederick Douglass Essay examples -- Informative Essay, B

Frederick Douglass was a combative African American slave born the year of 1818 in Tuckahoe, Maryland who fought his slave breaker during an raw dispute and beat him. He demonstrated how a man was turned into a slave since birth then how a slave was turned into a man. As a rebellious runaway slave that later became kn birth as the greatest abolitionists in history believed in his liberty more than his own life. Not only was he one of the most scholarly and effective orators but he also became revolutionary. As one of the best-known black leading in the nineteenth-century he was asked to deliver a row, What to the Slave is the Fourth of July to celebrate Americas independence from Britain. As an American slave he delivered this speech with an emotional content against America. His speech was take onn as hypocrisy by non keeping up with the Declaration of Independence. However, as a former slave he was deprived from liberty for many years, which, makes America hypocritical by aski ng him to speak about liberty to the United States. Douglass rhetorically tells America, Who so stolid and egoistical that would not give his voice to swell the hallelujahs of a nations jubilee, when the chains of servitude had been torn from his limbs? I am not that man (Douglass, 255) to make them see his point of view as a former slave talking about liberty. On July 5, 1852 Frederick Douglass was orating to America where he proclaimed July fourth to be the bitterest monitor lizard of Americas failed promise (Douglass, 247). During this time the 1850 compromise was passed through congress where the Mason and Dixon line was established because of the controversy between the North and South. Some cardinal parts were the 3/5th compromise in which a ... ...y, demonstrates that they do not follow what they worship to the fullest. He is using the religious aspect of African Diaspora to demonstrate his point that liberty should be extended to all citizens including African Ame rican. Another part of African Diaspora is the study of back to Africa, which was mentioned by Martin Robinson Delany. Delany and Douglass had two opponent view of Africans living in the U.S. Frederick Douglass believed in mainstream ideas and that America can one day end slavery and welcome them as citizens. On the other hand, Delany believed that was not possible because they needed a county of their own. Both views were part of African Diaspora as well as religion which all unite to make one faeces for people of African Descent dispersed all over the world. Works Citedwhat to the slave, is the fourth of July (1852), pp. 246-268

Educational Philosophy :: Education Teaching Learning Classroom Essays

Educational Philosophy Education is the key to opening many opportunities in ones lifetime. People can learn, grow, and dream through education and its recourses. Many opportunities are because of education and the educational system in America. I have always enjoyed education and going to school. I am raise in interpersonal chemistry and enjoy working with the science subjects. Chemistry is something that I like to share with others. Children need the guidance and info that education provides. I fate to make a difference in a childs life and show them that a hard subject such as chemistry can still be fun. My classroom is going to be very organized and mostly of a traditional style. The seating should be in rows on one side of the room, closest to the chalkboard, for when working problems or teaching. The other side of the classroom in lines go forth probably be lab desks and lab equipment. hopefully there will be a separate room for storage o f chemicals and the larger scale equipment. All of my bulletin boards will be covered with information relating to the subject area. Supplemental materials and projects will go hand in hand in studying labs for chemistry. Safety equipment will also be easily genial from anywhere in the classroom. I feel a teacher should have enough authority in a classroom to be respected nevertheless not feared. I feel when teachers intimidate students then they have taken their authority too far. This factor can lead in to discipline and teaching, leading styles. If a teacher is respected in the classroom then discipline will not be a major problem. As far as teaching and leadership styles I want to be new to the students, like no other teacher they have ever had before. I want them to be as excited about science as I am. I hope to remain traditional as far as standards and values, yet evoke and attention holding as a teacher. Hopefully with the children interested in w hat they are learning they can be motivated by their own will as well as motivated by their teachers.

Perceiving a Comic Book Cinema in Ang Lees Hulk :: Movie Film Ang Lee Hulk Essays

Ang Lees scoot behemoth (2003) is based on a fictional character whose origins lie in the world of Marvel idiotic books. In both versions, Bruce Banner is a repressed and unassuming scientist who, as a leave alone of an stroke involving gamma radiation, transforms into a massive green engine of destruction, known as the Incredible Hulk, whenever he becomes angry. The Hulk is the rampaging male id, unleashed by modern lore upon a world unprepared for its limitless, primal fury. But as interesting as a literary analysis of the character might be and the Hulk is dominant with such possibilities this is not where Lees Hulk breaks any new ground. Indeed, by such standards, it is a mundane if not, actually, a rather awful learn. But what Lees film does that is marvelous is its attempt to, not simply adapt the content of the comic books, but in some way translate the experience and aesthetics of the comic books onto the cinema screen. In doing so, he alters the conditions of the filmic apparatus enough to warrant further examination. However, the eyeshot under examination in the textual analysis begins fairly conventionally. This scene is comparatively early in the film, before the events that unleash the Hulk occur. Bruce Krenzler/Banner (Eric Bana) comes into the office he shares with colleague and ex-ro worldly concerntic interest Betty Ross (Jennifer Connely) at the nuclear biomedicine laboratory. Inside, he finds that tenner Talbot (Josh Lucas), a defence contractor who is one of the films villains, has come to pay them a visit. Talbots presence is understood to be intrusive, as he is placed in the meat of the frame, marginalising Bruce and Betty to the the outskirt in their own office (shots 1c, 3, and 5a). Furthermore, Bettys over-the-shoulder look back to Bruce as he opens the door in shot 1c seems guilty. There is something of the caught-in-the-act to the staging of Bruces entry to the office. This establishes the stress of a ro humantic t riangle between the three characters, which never fully emerges as a plot point, but remains as a subtext end-to-end the portions of the film that deal with Talbot. Betty has to leave rather quickly to attend to some generic science (shot 5), but Talbot lingers a moment to have a man to man conversation with Bruce. There is some obvious tension between Talbot and Bruce as he makes overtures toward acquiring their research for military applications (and the ensuing financial return of interchange the technology).Perceiving a Comic Book Cinema in Ang Lees Hulk Movie Film Ang Lee Hulk EssaysAng Lees film Hulk (2003) is based on a character whose origins lie in the world of Marvel comic books. In both versions, Bruce Banner is a repressed and unassuming scientist who, as a result of an accident involving gamma radiation, transforms into a massive green engine of destruction, known as the Incredible Hulk, whenever he becomes angry. The Hulk is the rampaging male id, unleashed by mo dern science upon a world unprepared for its limitless, primal fury. But as interesting as a literary analysis of the character might be and the Hulk is rife with such possibilities this is not where Lees Hulk breaks any new ground. Indeed, by such standards, it is a mundane if not, actually, a rather awful film. But what Lees film does that is extraordinary is its attempt to, not simply adapt the content of the comic books, but in some way translate the experience and aesthetics of the comic books onto the movie screen. In doing so, he alters the conditions of the filmic apparatus enough to warrant further examination. However, the scene under examination in the textual analysis begins fairly conventionally. This scene is relatively early in the film, before the events that unleash the Hulk occur. Bruce Krenzler/Banner (Eric Bana) comes into the office he shares with colleague and ex-romantic interest Betty Ross (Jennifer Connely) at the nuclear biomedicine laboratory. Inside, he finds that Adam Talbot (Josh Lucas), a defence contractor who is one of the films villains, has come to pay them a visit. Talbots presence is understood to be intrusive, as he is placed in the centre of the frame, marginalising Bruce and Betty to the the periphery in their own office (shots 1c, 3, and 5a). Furthermore, Bettys over-the-shoulder look back to Bruce as he opens the door in shot 1c seems guilty. There is something of the caught-in-the-act to the staging of Bruces entry to the office. This establishes the tension of a romantic triangle between the three characters, which never fully emerges as a plot point, but remains as a subtext throughout the portions of the film that deal with Talbot. Betty has to leave rather quickly to attend to some generic science (shot 5), but Talbot lingers a moment to have a man to man conversation with Bruce. There is some obvious tension between Talbot and Bruce as he makes overtures toward acquiring their research for military applicatio ns (and the ensuing financial benefit of selling the technology).

Essay on Shakespeares The Tempest - Prospero and Shakespeare :: free essay writer

The Tempest, Prospero and Shakespe be   There can be no doubt that The Tempest contains numerous references to the theater, and while valety of Shakespeares plays make reference to the dramatic arts and their comparison to real life (e.g., all the worlds a stage), it is in this, his last play, that the Bard most explicitly acknowledges that the audience is viewing a show. Thus, in the plays concluding scene (Act I, scene i., ll.148ff), Prospero tells his prospective son-in-law Ferdinand that the revels at hand are almost at an end, that the actors are about to retire, and that the insubstantial pageant of which he has been a single-valued function has reached its conclusion. It is, in fact, tempting to equate the character of Prospero with that of his creator, the playwright Shakespeare. When Prospero sheds his magicians robes in favor of his civilian attire as the Duke of Milan, with the benefit of hindsight that this is Shakespeares last work and his crowning achievement, we are disposed to associate the learned sorcerer with the Bard of Avon. How far we are to take this identification, however, is moot.   Prospero of The Tempest, like Shakespeare in his late Romance period, is a mature man with a daughter (Shakespeare, in fact, had two daughters, his only son dying in childhood) at the height of his intellectual and creative powers. Prospero is a polymath, a pupil with a magic book from an entire library that so absorbed him that it was, dukedom large enough (I, ii. l.110). Prospero displays a tinge of regret for having neglected his bored office as Duke of Milan in favor of the life of the mind. Similarly, as virtually all of Shakespeares biographers have observed, the Elizabethan playwrights knowledge was exceedingly broad, leading many to imagine that he pursued a number of vocations before settling into a life in the theater, and we know from textual correspondences that Shakespeare was broadly read and that he go along to absorb knowle dge from diverse publications until his death. We can also speculate that Shakespeare regretted remaining away from his home in Stratford, at least insofar as his career in London kept him away from his children. Lastly, following The Tempest, Shakespeare, like Prospero, retired to civilian life, there being a period of five or six eld between his composition of that play and his untimely death at the age of fifty-two.

African Americans In The Post Essays -- essays research papers

Jefferson Davis stated in the pre-Civil War years to a Northern audience, &8220You say you are opposed to the expansion of slavery... Is the slave to be benefited by it? Not at all. It is not humanity that influences you in the rig which you now occupy before the country, (Davis, The Irrepressible Conflict, 447). The Northerners had not freed the slaves for moral issues the white majority did not have anything but its own economic prosperity on its mind. The African Americans gained their emancipation and new rights through the battling Northern and Southern factions of the United States, not because a majority of the country felt that slavery possessed a &8216moral urgency&8217. As the years passed and the whites began to reconcile, their economic goals rose to the forefront of their policy, while racialism spread throughout the country and deepened in the South. Even with all of the good intentions and ideals expressed in the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, blacks watched as thei r freedom disintegrated through the tardily 19th Century as a result of the Supreme Court decisions that limited the implications of the new amendments. After the passage of these amendments, two of the three branches of government illogical themselves with the issue of black civil rights. Following Grant&8217s unenthusiastic approach to protecting blacks in the South, the executive branch gradually made its position on the issue clear in 1876. (Zinn, 199) When Hayes beat Tilden in the presidential election by promising to end the Reconstruction in the South, it was seeming(a) that the White House would no longer support any calls for the protection of blacks. The compromise of 1877 brought Hayes to office, but &8220doomed the black man to a here and now class citizenship that was to be his lot for nearly a century afterward, (Davis, 160). The Radical Republican&8217s in Congress, who were responsible for freeing the blacks, were also responsible for let their voices become sile nced. This occurred as the other, more industrial, interests of the broad based party dominated their platform leaving the blacks to face the wrath of the Southerners. A final blow to the hopes for guinea pig protection of African American civil rights was dealt with The Force Bill of 1890. In this bill, the Senate objected to the idea of... ...e Radical Republicans had embarked on a costly Reconstruction plan and garnish up legislation meant to protect black civil rights, the blacks did not thrive. The Supreme Court successfully chipped away at any progress made by the Republicans. Rulings made in the later half of the 19th Century reduced the scope of the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, and lead to the further subordination of the Black expedite by Southern State governments. Southern whites were allowed to set up a system that kept blacks as prisoners without any say on their future. The social practices, including segregation, curfews, violence and disfranchisement that the Blacks suffered left them anything but free as the 20th Century dawned. The amendments to the Constitution had been made, but the whites did not take the time after 1866 to abolish the prejudice that came with slavery, large(p) testimony to theory that the North engaged in the Civil War for economic, not moral reasons. The application of racism after the Civil War was fair as rampant, but much more subtle than before the Civil War, making it much more difficult to confront, and resulting in a century of odds-on education, inferior treatment and segregation.

African Americans In The Post Essays -- essays research papers

Jefferson Davis stated in the pre-Civil War years to a Northern audience, &8220You formulate you are opposed to the amplification of slavery... Is the slave to be benefited by it? Not at all. It is not humanity that influences you in the position which you now occupy before the country, (Davis, The Irrepressible Conflict, 447). The Northerners had not freed the slaves for example issues the white majority did not have any(prenominal)thing but its own economic prosperity on its mind. The African Americans gained their emancipation and new rights through the battling Northern and Confederate factions of the United States, not because a majority of the country felt that slavery possessed a &8216moral urgency&8217. As the years passed and the whites began to reconcile, their economic goals lift to the forefront of their policy, while racism spread throughout the country and deepened in the South. Even with all of the good intentions and ideals expressed in the 13th, 14th and 15th am blockments, forbiddings watched as their freedom disintegrated through the late 19th Century as a result of the Supreme Court decisions that limited the implications of the new amendments. After the passage of these amendments, deuce of the three furcatees of government disconnected themselves with the issue of black civil rights. Following Grant&8217s unenthusiastic approach to protecting blacks in the South, the executive branch gradually made its position on the issue clear in 1876. (Zinn, 199) When Hayes beat Tilden in the presidential election by promising to end the Reconstruction in the South, it was evident that the White House would no longer support any calls for the protection of blacks. The compromise of 1877 brought Hayes to office, but &8220doomed the black man to a second class citizenship that was to be his lot for nearly a century later onward, (Davis, 160). The Radical Republican&8217s in Congress, who were responsible for liberation the blacks, were also re sponsible for letting their voices become silenced. This occurred as the other, more industrial, interests of the broad based party dominated their platform leaving the blacks to face the wrath of the Southerners. A final blow to the hopes for national protection of African American civil rights was dealt with The Force Bill of 1890. In this bill, the Senate objected to the idea of... ...e Radical Republicans had embarked on a dearly-won Reconstruction plan and set up legislation meant to protect black civil rights, the blacks did not thrive. The Supreme Court successfully chipped away at any progress made by the Republicans. Rulings made in the later half of the 19th Century reduced the scope of the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, and lead to the raise subordination of the Black race by Southern State governments. Southern whites were allowed to set up a system that kept blacks as prisoners without any say on their future. The social practices, including segregation, curfews, vi olence and disfranchisement that the Blacks suffered left them anything but free as the 20th Century dawned. The amendments to the Constitution had been made, but the whites did not take the time afterwards 1866 to abolish the prejudice that came with slavery, giving testimony to theory that the North engaged in the Civil War for economic, not moral reasons. The application of racism after the Civil War was just as rampant, but much more subtle than before the Civil War, making it much more difficult to confront, and resulting in a century of unequal education, inferior treatment and segregation.

The Great Gatsby from Daisy’s Point of View

Daisy point of view In this chapter of The Great Gatsby, starts out with Tom and chip off on the train, their way to New York City. On their way Tom makes them get off of the train so that Nick can meet his girl. Tom takes them to a house in the valley of ashes which Is the poorest part of the city. They arrive at George Wilson house. George Is married to Toms lover Myrtle. Myrtle then leaves the house to Join Tom and Nick on their trip to the city. After Myrtle buys a dog In the city, the group heads to Myrtles sisters house.At her place they have a small party with a couple called the Emcees. At this party Nick gets drunk for the second time In his life. Later that night Myrtle starts talking about daisy and when she wont stop Tom punches her In the case and breaks her nose. Immediately after the party stops and Nick finds himself on the 4 am train back to Long Island. Daisy Is The Great Gatsby most mysterious, and possibly also the most disappointing, character. She Is Just a s elfish, low, and hurtful, charwoman. After marrying Tom, a rich man, she moves to East Egg, Long Island.Daisy is a woman who likes to play with work force, she loves to overstress and improvise. Most men are fascinated by her and daisy enjoys it, being the center and get attention. At the same time Daisy wants to be liked and popular among all the mens roughly her. Daisys point of view Today, we had my cousin Nick come over for dinner. It had been quite some time since I last saw him. My friend Jordan and myself, were sprawling on the couch on a hot summer afternoon, and the same time he came. Nicks school years were over and had Just graduated from the university of Yale, and were looking or work.He had changed a lot, he was more of a young mature man. We couldnt bother to stand up and welcome him, so instead we talked, while still sprawling. I knew he came to live in the West Egg, I bet he will visit us quite often. Nick had this naive look on his face, which I couldnt be bother ed to ask why, but made him look so lame like that. Yesterday, I had so much fun when Nick got embarrassed when I asked him that he was engaged and getting married soon. The way he denied it and got flushed, it was worth to be seen and remembered when I want a laugh on a miserable day.Ill always remember that. Anyway, today Tom and Nick went together to see a friend. I bet its that Myrtle woman again. I dont know what he finds In her. Im so furious when he has an affair with other women, when he has a wife Like me. How could he do such a thing like that? I dont see why he Is taking Nick either. Whats It to Nick anyway? Is he going to tuck Nick to her as well? Tom Is so vulgar to me. He doesnt treat me as I deserve at all. I wish he was always loyal to me, I just wish that we could adventure love. Http//disaggregating-chapters. Webby. Com/ chapter 2 summery

Education: Bachelor’s Degree and English Course Essay

What do your p bents do? How much money they can earn per year? My parents are working in a coal corporation in China. They can earn 400 molar concentration Yuan per year. 3. Who will support your study in UK? My parents pay for part of my expenditure in UK, I also have some saving. 4. How much money have you prepared for your study? 500 thousand Yuan. 5. How much is the tuition fee for your English manakin and your master course? The tuition fee of my English course is That of my master course is 6. Why do you choose UK to study?Uk has colorful culture and beautiful nature senery. And its education is very good. 7. Why do you choose INTO UEA to study the English course? I think that the INTO UEA can promote my English level. 8. What are you passing to do in the UK? I want to study in Newcastle University for my master degree. 9. Which university are you going to study in the UK? Newcastle university. 10. How long will you stay in the UK? 1 year / as soon as I get my degre e , I will be back. 11. Where is the university? Newcastle 12. What are you going to study? International Marketing. 13. enthrall state the length of the course? 1 year 14. What is the start date and shoemakers last date for the course? 15. How many hours per week? 16. What will you learn for your course? What is the specific curriculum? 17. What is your purpose to study this course? 18. How do you know this university? 19. 6 9 What will you do between June to September? 20. When did you graduate from your university? 21. What did you do after you graduated from the university?After I graduated from university, I worked in capital of Red China university of post and telecommunication and prepared the Newcastle University application. 22. Why do you want to study English course in the UK after graduation? I think I can 23. What will you do after you finish the English course? 24. What is your master course? 25. What is the start date and finish date for the master cou rse? 26. What will you learn for your master course? What is the specific curriculum? 27. Why did you withdraw your visa last time? 28. Why did you change your study proposal? 29. What are you going to do after you graduate from the university? 30. Where would you like to work? China or UK? Why? 31. What are you planning to do in the early? 32. When/where did you get your Bachelor degree? I got my bachelor degree in century college of Beijing university of post and telecommunication. 33. What is your major? My major is computer science and technology. 34. , Please state the exam date and scores for your two IELTS exams. 4. 27 6.

A Modern Day Sleeping Beauty

Once upon a time there lived a young couple who had found true love and were bound together by fate. His attain was Brian and hers was melodic line. They lived it the lovely city of Anchorage, Alaska. Brian was a C-17 Pilot stationed at Elmgoalorf AFB and Melody a 1st grade t separatelyer at local school. Melody was a beautiful sight her body was athletic, her hair fell over her shoulders and was highlighted to the most beautiful blonde, her skin was flawless and her eyes were meritless but not an ordinary blue like a tropical ocean and they sparkled like the water when the cheer hit it.Brian wasnt so bad himself. He was what all girls dreamed prince attractive to be. He was tall and worked out often his muscles could be seen through and through his shirt, his hair was dark, his skin tan, and one could get lost in his piercing green eyes. Brian and Melody spent every chance they had together out expression of their busy schedules. They went on evening walks together and early m orning jogs. They sat on their front porch and watched the sun rise and set in the beautiful snow covered Mountains of Anchorage. Most weekends the couple would make time for dinner party and a movie.Brian and Melody were made for each other. Even a stranger could clearly see the love they had for each other would never die. (Sight & Touch) It was a cold brisk night in of late December the weather had changed in a matter of hours. The wind rose with a backing wind, it brought a clouded throw out and a heavy rash with it. A pallor of winter evening seemed to have closed upon the city, cloaking it in a blanket of snow. Brian and Melody were returning home after eating dinner at the Olive Garden and watching the movie The Black Swan. They had enjoyed their night out at dinner and a movie.The aroma of garlic wafted through the air from the white styrofoam box filled with Sicilian Scampi and the delightful flavor of light buttery popcorn remained in their mouths as if they were still i ndulging on it. The weather brought the worst driving conditions (Sight) everything around them seemed to disappear in a thick white haze through which large snowflakes of snow were flying the sky merged with the earth. (Hear) The wind blew with freezing blasts and such force it howled around the car as it faded out the music playing over the radio.The vehicle swayed sequence Brian fought to regain the road that was now a snowdrift burying the yellow and white painted lines. The challenging road conditions were inviting collision as other cars overtook the wrong side of the road and had a complete disregard for speed limits. Brian deeply concentrated and felt comfortable driving his 4 wheel drive Rubicon in these conditions. Breaking his concentration Melody frantically shouted, Brian, that truck, he is in our lane Brian didnt have time to react, Crash.The airbags deployed while the jeep flipped end over end and slid on the white blanket of snow that was once the road. The jeep ca me to a stop landing on its roof, the windows were busted out and the headlights shinned directly at the truck that had hit them. The Ford F-150 sat upright sideways in the road. It took a moment for Brian to come to reality with what had just happened. He glanced over at his married woman who still sat there restrained, unconscious and bleeding severely from her head. He could hear the sirens of an Ambulance and Fire Truck off in the distance.Before he knew it he and Melody were being rushed to the hospital in an Ambulance. Brian lay there in the back of an Ambulance suffering only minor injuries. Melody lay crossways from him. Time seemed to stand still while he watched the Paramedics try to revive his wife. He shouted at the Paramedics, do something, do something Please do something divert dont let my wife die They arrived at the hospital in what seemed to take hours to Brian. The Paramedics were able to get Melodys heart lashing but she was still unconscious. Brian paced ba ck and forth up and down the hospital halls as his wife underwent surgery.The Dr. finally came out and said, I have good parole and bad, your wife seems to be stable but she is in a coma that could be indefinite. Indefinite, Brian shouted The Dr. attempted to calm Brian and Explained, I natest promise that she wont commove up but it may take a miracle. She could wake up tomorrow, she could wake up in a month or she could be a Modern day Sleeping Beauty. The following months felt like years to Brian. Melody lay there in a deep peacefulness and Brian remained by her side.Brian would speak to her softly while clasping her hand or pinching er fingers He would tell her he loved her and beg her to wake up. He play songs the couple had danced to from their wedding and read to her from her favorite books. Often Brian would run his hands through Melodys long blonde hair admiring her beauty dreaming of a future they had planned. The Dr. s showed little hope that Melody would ever wake u p but Brian never gave up believing. Six long Months had passed and summertime had come. Brian was at his last wit and desperate. One late night Brian said a prayer for his wife as he did every night before.thence he leaned over her bedside and pleaded, Melody if you can hear me, please just give me a kiss. What happened next was beyond Brians wildest dreams. To his shock Melody responded late she turned her head towards his, puckered up her lips and gave him the smallest kiss. At that moment fate was sealed tightly, bound by one simple kiss and they lived happily ever after. You cant stop fate Whatever will be, will be. Life presents unavoidable risks. You cant stop the fate of True bonk it is also unavoidable. True Love is worth believing in and True Love never dies.

Communication in Nursing Essay

To listen to another individual is the most caring act of all. Listening and tending are by far the most important aspect of being a nurse (Burnard 1992). One of the basics of good nursing is good communicating skills with uncomplainings. Being unable to communicate substantially with a patient immediately dope destroy the nurse/patient relationship and therefore the patient whitethorn not trust the nurse (Anon 2007). The purpose of this essay is the realise the grandness of communication in nursing. Without communication nurses would be unable to provide the correct assist, scarce improving communication is a life-long developmental process (Ewles and Simnett 2005). I will draw on my individualal experience from the clinical area to place how well the theory relates to the practical side of nursing and use the process recording sheet for structure and guidance. In accordance with The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct, nurses must respect peoples right to confidentiality.Therefore for the purpose of this essay the patient discussed is referred to as except C., and any personal or identifiable discipline has also been altered so as to protect her privacy and dignity which are also enshrined in the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct.. I asked Miss C. for explicit permission to use our interpersonal relationship in my communications essay and advised her of my obligations on my professional conduct to which I am butt against by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008), regarding professional, moral and safe practice. Miss C., was in agreement to be involved with my assignment and on no account was her tangible care at risk during this interaction. I was nearing the end of my placement in a common medical ward within a large general hospital.The ward had a variety of medical complaints including diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, stroke and alcohol liver disease. A young 21 year old female was admitted to the w ard, at once known as Miss C., with an increased weight loss and she was in exigency of pain management. Miss C., was awaiting heart surgery, replacement hips and replacement knees at major(ip) surgical hospital in another area of the country. Her health status was poor as she suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and had a congenital heart defect. Miss Cs., pain was managed with oramorph, ketamine and fentanyl patches, but these proved to have little relief. Miss C., spent the majority of cartridge holder in bed due to her severe pain, and due to this she criedout a lot. Her take was bowed and she had difficulty in making eye contact. She pour forthed slowly and quietly and nigh meters mumbled, she was also a very pathetic person.I thought that communication would be difficult with Miss C., as she was mostly in pain but I also believed that she would like psyche to talk to but that person would need to be a good listener. It is important to remember that nurses hav e the duty to provide care holistically, for the whole person, not just for their physical needs but their mental and social needs too (Kenworthy et al. 2002). Miss C., liked to be washed in her bed either morning as movement for her was difficult. The bay that she was in was busy with little privacy only the curtains for seclusion. I went into wash her one morning and because of her psoriasis she needed surplus creams applied religiously. She spoke quietly slightly her illness and explained her difficulties to me. Talking about her family, her illness and when she was younger made her sad and she was crying. I felt that Miss Cs ability to communicate was linked to how she felt about herself. She was over-critical about herself and underestimated her abilities.This lack of self-confidence reflected her ability to communicate (Ewles and Simnett 2005). She was in so much pain, her head was bowed and she could not make eye contact. I was leaning in close to her bedside, partake in was not good, her body was too sore. I tried to show empathy towards Miss C., by giving her time to talk, being patient and listening to her. Was she crying because she was in so much pain or was it because she was recalling happy memories from out front she fell ill? I was desperately trying to understand how she may be feeling. According to Arnold and Boggs (2003), empathy is the ability to be sensitive to and communicate understanding of the patients feelings. Being compassionate is similar to being empathetic in a air that it is important to recognise that Miss Cs feelings function to her and not to me. I was interested in Miss Cs illness, to learn more about her condition and hear about her difficulties. She was very main(a) and wanted to do as much as she could by herself. Help was minimal and she only asked when she was struggling to re-position her feet. I used active listening to accord to her speak without interrupting but I paid close attention to her facial expressi ons and body language. Argyle (see Kenworthy et al. 2002) suggests facial expressions provide a running commentary on emotional states. I asked Miss C. open questions about her illness as I thought this would allow me to encourage her to talk.It also allowed Miss C to limn her experiences, feelings and understandings. Open ended questions are used to elicit the client s thoughts and perspectives without influencing the direction of an acceptable response (Arnold and Boggs 2003 p.241). I wanted to try and take her beware off her pain as it was upsetting to see her being so unhappy, so I commented on some magazines that were lying on her table and asked her about her taste in music. This was a good subject, her eye lit up and she smiled. We finally made eye contact. Using the semiotic school of thought, Miss C and myself were exchanging verbal and non-verbal communication in order to understand each others feelings. According to Kozier (2008) non-verbal communication can include the use of silence, facial expressions, touch and body posture. Miss C was keen to talk about her taste in music and became very chatty, in fact, she became sort of excited. I put some cds on for her to listen to and as I did this she asked me questions about my taste in music. There was now no barriers to our communication as we both(prenominal) shared the same taste in music. When the music was playing Miss C was in a different world, she was more relaxed. I took her hand and held it gently, her eyes were closed, she was smiling and she appeared more content. By holding her hand, I felt as though I was comforting and reassuring her.This was an indication that I really did care and that I wanted to help her. Using touch skilfully and thoughtfully can convey that you are able to be with your patient (Benner 2001 p.57). Communication can be therapeutic and the music playing was not a barrier in communications, it was in fact beneficial. Therefore, it is argued that effective communicat ion is more than delivering high spirit patient-centred care but it also allows patients to feel involved in their care, which can make a significant difference to their outlook on their treatment (Collins 2009). Reflecting support I realised that I was really quite worried about the communication difficulties I was facing during my interaction. Miss C., was a very strong willed person who knew exactly what she needed and yet she desperately wanted to be as independent as possible. I wanted her to allow me in and for her to be satisfied with me.I am glad I eventually gained her trust and we both became more relaxed. In fact, the impact that this interaction had on our relationship was that as the geezerhood went on we became very good friends and she was very special to me. Sully and Dallas (2005), suggeststhat to have an empathetic understanding of our patients needs we must recognise their need for comfort and we respond to this compassionately. It was important to be non-judg emental, I accepted Miss C., for who she was no matter what her circumstances were and my main concern was to care for her in a professional and beneficial way and in a manner that she preferred. Putting the interaction into perspective, I originally found Miss C very demanding, ever so calling out and constantly pressing the call buzzer. Some staff were very reluctant to go to her because her personal care was very time consuming. It was time consuming but it was because she was in a lot of pain. Surely this was a barrier to communication as some staff did not take the time to listen to what Miss C required and as health promoters, we need to develop skills of effective listening so that we can help people to talk and express their needs and feelings (Ewles and Simnett 2005). From recording and analysing my interactions I have learned to accept people for who they are as each of us have had different experiences passim life and these experiences make us who we are.It was also imp ortant to acknowledge Miss Cs point of view, her emotions and thoughts without judgement as being aware of these helped to think her perspective and needs (Silverman et al. 2005). I have also learned to be a good listener and an active listener. Ewles and Simnett (2005) suggest that this means taking argumentation of the non-verbal communication as well as the spoken words. It is important to maintain eye contact, observe the body language, listen properly and pick up on non-verbal signs as well as verbal signs. The environment is important too, along with being sensitive, honest and compassionate (Anon 2007). Collins (2007) argues that judgemental attitudes can stand in the way of getting to know your patient and that labels attached to individuals such as demented can act as a language barrier. Effective nursing requires us to be assertive, responsible and to help our patients achieve the best possible health status (Balzer Riley 2008). In conclusion, the key points that have be en discussed in this essay are that of the importance of communicating in nursing and how nurses can improve their communication skills and maintain their effectiveness. We must provide holistic care for our patients and the goal is to listen to the whole person and provide them with empathetic understanding. Another key point is that we must be non judgemental no matter what the patients circumstances are.Overall communication during this interaction was positive, therapeutic and helped to build a relationship. This essay has shown how personal experience from the clinical area relates the theory to the practical side of nursing and how it is imperative that communication is clear, understandable, arrogate and effective. 1819 wordsRead more http//www.ukessays.com/essays/nursing/communication-in-nursing-nursing-essay.phpixzz2fJpdOIza

The History of Computer Technology

Only once in a lifetime will a stark naked invention rise about to touch all(prenominal) aspect of our lives. Such inventions changed the instruction we manage, work, and live. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly e very business in the United States. This incredible invention is the electronic computing machine. The electronic calculating machine has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors brook been around for 2000 long time. However, only in the last 40 years has the information processing system changed Ameri digest management to its grandest extent.From the number 1 wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly each spect of management, and our lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computers ancestor is the abacus. These date back to virtually 2000 years ago (Dolotta, 1985). It is simply a wooden cycle holding parallel wires on which beads atomic number 18 strung. When these beads atomic number 18 moved along the wire according to programme rules that the social occasionr must memorize. each(prenominal) ordinary arithmetic operations can be effected on the abacus.This was one of the first management tools used. The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise protactinium invented the first digital calculating machine. It could only add meter and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascals father, who was a tax collector, manage the t induceships taxes (Beer, 1966). In the early 1800s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine (Dolotta, 1985). It was steam powered and could store up to universal gravitational constant 50-digit fares.Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would adopt. It was programmed by and stored data on cards with holes punched in them, befittingly cal led punch cards. This machine was xtremely useful to managers that delt with bear-sized volumes of good. With Babbages machine, managers could more easily calculate the big(a) numbers accumulated by inventories. The only problem was that in that location was only one of these machines built, thus making it unenviable for all managers to use (Beer, After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers.However, between 1850 and 1900 there were great advances in mathematics and physics that began to rekindle the interest. Many of these new advances involved complex calculations and formulas that were very time consuming for gentleman calculation. The first major use for a computer in the U. S. was during the 1890 census. Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human (Dolotta, 1985).Since the population of the U. S. as increasing so fast, the computer was an essential tool for man agers in tabulating the These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soon led to the development of change punch-card business-machine systems by International Business Machines, Remington-Rand, Burroughs, and other corporations (Chposky, 1988). By modern regulars the unched-card machines were slow, typically processing from 50 to 250 cards per minute, with each card holding up to 80 digits. At the time, however, punched cards were an enormous step forward they provided a means of input, yield, and memory storage on a massive scale.For more than 50 years following their first use, punched-card machines did the bulk of the introductions business computing By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become so well established and reliable that Howard Hath absent Aiken, in collaboration with engineers at IBM, undertook construction of a large automatic digital computer ased on standard IBM electromechanical fall ins (Chposky, 1988). Aikens machine, called the Harvard Mark I, handled 23-digit numbers and could perform all four arithmetic operations (Dolotta, 1985).Also, it had special built-in programs to handled logarithms and trigonometric functions. The Mark I was controlled from prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and galvanising typewriter. It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need for computing capability, especially for the military (Dolotta, 985). New weapons systems were produced which needed trajectory tables and other essential data. In 1942, John P. Eckert, John W.Mauchley, and their associates at the University of Pennsylvania decided to manakin a high-speed electronic computer to do the job. This machine became kn aver as ENIAC, for Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator (Chposky, 1988). It could multiply two numbers at the rate of 300 products per second, by finding the value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory. ENIAC was thus about 1,000 time fleet than the previous generation of computers. ENIAC used 18,000 standard vacuum tubes, occupied 1800 square feet of floor space, and used about 180,000 watts of electricity.It used punched-card input and output. The ENIAC was very difficult to program because one had to essentially re-wire it to perform whatever task he wanted the computer to do. It was efficient in handling the particular programs for which it had been designed. ENIAC is generally authorized as the first successful high-speed electronic digital computer and was used in some applications from 1946 to 1955. However, the ENIAC was not entreible to managers of businesses Mathematician John Von Neumann was very interested in the ENIAC.In 1945 he undertook a theoretical study of computation that demonstrated that a computer could have a very uncomplicated and yet be able to execute any kind of computation effectively by means of proper programmed control without the need for any changes in hardware. Von Neumann came up with incredible ideas for methods of building and organizing practical, fast computers. These ideas, which came to be referred to as the stored-program technique, became fundamental for future generations of high-speed digital computers and were universally adoptedThe first stray of modern programmed electronic computers to take advantage of these improvements appeared in 1947. This group included computers using random access memory, RAM, which is a memory designed to give almost constant access to any particular piece of information (Dolotta, 1985). These machines had punched-card or punched-tape input and output devices and RAMs of 1000-word capacity. Physically, they were much more compact than ENIAC some were about the sizing of a grand piano and required 2500 small electron tubes. This was quite an improvement over the earlier machines.The first-generation store d-program computers required considerable maintenance, usually attained 70% to 80% reliable operation, and were used for 8 to 12 years (Hazewindus,1988). Typically, they were programmed directly in machine language, although by the mid-1950s furtherance had been do in several aspects of pass on programming. This group of machines included EDVAC and UNIVAC, the first commercially on tap(predicate) computers. With this invention, managers had even more power to perform calculations for such things as statistical demographic data (Beer, 1966). originally this time, it was very rare for a anager of a bigger business to have the means to process The UNIVAC was developed by John W. Mauchley and John Eckert, Jr. in the 1950s. Together they had formed the Mauchley-Eckert electronic computer sess, Americas first computer company in the 1940s. During the development of the UNIVAC, they began to run short on funds and sold their company to the larger Remington-Rand Corporation. Eventual ly they built a working UNIVAC computer.It was delivered to the U. S. Census Bureau in 1951 where it was used to help tabulate the U. S. population Early in the 1950s two important engineering discoveries hanged the electronic computer field. The first computers were made with vacuum tubes, but by the late 1950s computers were being made out of transistors, which were smaller, little expensive, more reliable, and more efficient (Dolotta, 1985). In 1959, Robert Noyce, a physicist at the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, invented the integrated circle, a tiny chip of silicon that contained an entire electronic circuit. deceased was the bulky, unreliable, but fast machine now computers began to become more compact, more reliable and have more capacity. These new technical discoveries rapidly found their way into new odels of digital computers. Memory storage capacities affixd 800% in commercially available machines by the early 1960s and speeds increased by an equally large margi n (Jacobs, 1975). These machines were very expensive to purchase or to rent and were especially expensive to operate because of the cost of hiring programmers to perform the complex operations the computers ran.Such computers were typically found in large computer centers operated by application, government, and private laboratories staffed with many programmers and support personnel. By 1956, 76 of IBMs large computer mainframes were in se, compared with only 46 UNIVACs (Chposky, 1988). In the 1960s efforts to design and develop the fastest possible computers with the greatest capacity reached a turning point with the completion of the LARC machine for Livermore Radiation Laboratories by the Sperry-Rand Corporation, and the Stretch computer by IBM. The LARC had a core memory of 98,000 words and multiplied in 10 microseconds.Stretch was provided with several ranks of memory having slower access for the ranks of greater capacity, the fastest access time being less than 1 microsecond s and the total capacity in the vicinity of 100 During this time the major computer manufacturers began to offer a range of computer capabilities, as well as various computer-related equipment (Jacobs, 1975). These included input means such as consoles and card feeders output means such as page printers, cathode-ray-tube displays, and graphing devices and optional magnetic-tape and magnetic-disk file storage.These found wide use in management for such applications as accounting, payroll, inventory control, enjoin supplies, and billing. Central processing units for such purposes did not need to be very fast arithmetically and were primarily used to access arge amounts of records on file. The greatest number of computer systems were delivered for the larger applications, such as in hospitals for keeping track of patient records, medications, and treatments given.They were also used in automated library systems and in database systems such as the Chemical Abstracts system, where compu ter records now on file cover nearly all known chemical compounds The trend during the 1970s was, to some extent, away from extremely powerful, centralized computational centers and toward a broader range of applications for less-costly computer systems (Jacobs, 1975). Most continuous-process manufacturing, such as petroleum refining and electrical-power distribution systems, began using computers of relatively low-spirited capability for controlling and regulating their activities.In the 1960s the programming of applications problems was an obstacle to the self-sufficiency of moderate-sized on-site computer installations, but great advances in applications programming languages aloof Applications languages became available for controlling a great range of manufacturing processes, for computer operation of machine tools, and for many other tasks. In 1971 Marcian E. Hoff, Jr. , an engineer at the Intel Corporation, invented the microprocessor and other stage in the development of the computer began (Chposky, 1988).A new revolution in computer hardware was now well under way, involving miniaturization of computer-logic circuitry and of dowry manufacture by what are called large-scale In the 1950s it was realized that scaling down the size of electronic digital computer circuits and parts would increase speed and efficiency and improve performance (Jacobs, 1975). However, at that time the manufacturing methods were not good enough to accomplish such a task. About 1960, photoprinting of conductive circuit boards to eliminate wiring became highly developed.Then it became possible to build resistors and capacitors into the circuitry by photographic means. In the 1970s entire assemblies, such as adders, shifting registers, and counters, became available on tiny chips of silicon. In the 1980s very large scale integration, VLSI, in which hundreds of thousands of transistors are placed on a single chip, became increasingly common Many companies, some new to the com puter field, introduced in the 1970s programmable minicomputers upplied with packet packages (Jacobs, 1975).The size-reduction trend continued with the introduction of private computers, which are programmable machines small enough and twopenny enough to be purchased and used by individuals (Beer, 1966). One of the first of such machines was introduced in January 1975. Popular Electronics magazine provided plans that would allow any electronics wizard to build his own small, programmable computer for about $380. The computer was called the Altair 8800. Its programming involved pushing buttons and flipping switches on the front of the box.It didnt include a onitor or keyboard, and its applications were very limited. Even though, many orders came in for it and several famous owners of computer and software manufacturing companies got their start in computing through the Altair (Jacobs, 1975). For example, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, founders of Apple Computer, built a much cheape r, yet more productive version of the Altair and turned their hobby into a business. After the introduction of the Altair 8800, the personal computer industry became a fierce battleground of competition.IBM had been the computer industry standard for well over a half-century. They held their position as the standard when they introduced their first personal computer, the IBM Model 60 in 1975 (Chposky, 1988). However, the newly formed Apple Computer company was releasing its own personal computer, the Apple II. The Apple I was the first computer designed by Jobs and Wozniak in Wozniaks garage, which was not produced on a wide scale. Software was needed to run the computers as well.Microsoft developed a Disk Operating System, MS-DOS, for the IBM computer while Apple developed its own software (Chposky, 1988). Because Microsoft had now set the software standard for IBMs, every software anufacturer had to make their software compatible with Microsofts. This would lead to huge profits f or Microsoft. The main goal of the computer manufacturers was to make the computer as affordable as possible while increasing speed, reliability, and capacity. Nearly every computer manufacturer accomplished this and computers popped up over.Computers were in businesses keeping track of even more inventories for managers. Computers were in colleges aiding students in research. Computers were in laboratories making complex calculations at high speeds for scientists and physicists. The computer had made its mark everywhere in management and built up a huge industry The future is promising for the computer industry and its engine room. The speed of processors is expected to double every year and a half in the coming years (Jacobs, 1975).As manufacturing techniques are further perfected the prices of computer systems are expected to steadily fall. However, since the microprocessor engineering science will be increasing, its higher costs will offset the drop in price of older processo rs. In other words, the price of a new computer will stay about the same from year to year, but applied science will steadily Since the end of World War II, the computer industry has grown from a standing start into one of the biggest and most profitable industries in the United States (Hazewindus,1988).It now comprises thousands of companies, making everything from multi-million dollar high-speed supercomputers to printout paper and floppy disks. It employs millions of people and generates tens of billions of dollars in sales each year. Surely, the computer has impacted every aspect of peoples lives (Jacobs, 1975). It has affected the way people work and play. It has made everyones life easier by doing difficult work for people.The History of Computer TechnologyThis report briefly explains the recital of modern computers, starting from the year 1936 to present day time. There are many models of computers documented throughout the years, but they only computer models mentioned a re ones that I deemed too have had the greatest effect on computer technology back then and now. This report will show how in just forty years, computers have transformed from slow, room-sized machines, to the small and fast computers of today. Computers are a part of important everyday life, but there was a time when computers did not exist.Computers are one of the few inventions that do not have one specialized inventor. Many inventors have contributed to the production and technology of computers. Some of the inventions have been distinct types of computers, while the others were parts needed for the computer to function effectively. Many people have added their creations to the list required to make computers work, adding to the overall technology of computers today. The term computer originally referred to people. It was a job title for those who did repetitive work with math problems.A computer is define as a programmable machine that receives input, stores and automatically manipulates data, and provides output in a useful format. The most significant date in the history of computers is in the year of 1936. This is the year the first computer was developed by a German engineer named Konrad Zuse. He called it the Z1 Computer and it was the first system to be fully programmable. The Z1 Computer had computing power, setting it apart from other electronic devices. Programming early computers became somewhat of a hassle for inventors and in 1953 Grace Hooper invented the first high level computer language.Her invention helped simplify the binary code used by the computer so that its users could dictate the computers actions. Hoopers invention was called Flowmatic and has evolved into modern day technology. In the same year, the International Business Machines (IBM) was introduced into the computing industry, forever altering the age of computers. Throughout computer history, this company has compete a major role in the development of new systems and serve rs for public and private use. Inventors saw IBM as competition in spite of appearance the computing history, which helped to spur faster and better development of computers.Their first computer technology contribution was the IBM 701 EDPM Computer. During the three years of production, IBM sold 19 machines to research laboratories, aircraft companies, and the federal government. The first computer physically built in America was the IAS computer. It was developed for Advanced Study at Princeton under the direction of John Von Neumann between1946-1950. (History of Computer Technology, 2011). John von Neumann wrote prototypal Draft of a Report on the EDVAC in which he outlined the architecture of a stored-program computer (Computer History Museum Timeline of Computer History, 2006).Electronic storage of programming information and data eliminated the need for the more clumsy methods of programming. An example of stored-program data computer is the IAS computer. Many modern compute rs trace their ancestry to the IAS machine and they are referred to as von Neumann (or Princeton) architecture machines. The IAS computer embodied the concept of a stored-program computer. The main memory contained two main categories of information, instructions and data. The computer had an ability to place different sequences of instructions in the memory which made the computer very useful.This allowed inventions to build computers to complete different tasks at different times. Such a computer can be reconfigured (reprogrammed) at any time to perform a new or different task. The Hungarian-born von Neumann demonstrated prodigious expertise in hydrodynamics, ballistics, meteorology, grainy theory, statistics, and the use of mechanical devices for computation contributed to the production of the modern day computer (Computer History Museum Timeline of Computer History, 2006).In 1955, Bank of America coupled with Stanford Research engraft and General Electric saw the creation of the first computers for use in banks. Researchers at the Stanford Research Institute invented ERMA, the Electronic Recording Method of Accounting computer processing system. ERMA updated and posted checking accounts and manually processed checks and account management. The MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) was a part of ERMA and allowed computers to read special numbers at the bottom of the checks.This technology helped with the tracking and accounting of checks transactions. ERMA was officially demonstrated to the public in September 1955 and first tested on real banking accounts in the fall of 1956. (Blain, 2005). Today, computer technology has transformed the banking industry. One of the most important breakthroughs in computer history occurred in 1958. This was the creation of the integrated circuit, known as the chip. The integrated circuit device is one of the base requirements for the modern computer systems.On every motherboard and card inside the computer system, ar e many chips that contain vital information on what the boards and cards do. Without the integrated circuit, the computers known today would not be able to function. The first commercially integrated circuits became available from the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation in 1961. whole computers then started to be made using chips instead of the individual transistors and their accompanying parts. Texas Instruments first used the chips in Air Force computers and the Minuteman Missile in 1962.They afterward used the chips to produce the first electronic portable calculators. The original integrated chip had only one transistor, three resistors and one capacitor and was the size of an adults little finger finger. Today, an integrated chip is smaller than a penny and can hold 125 million transistors (Bellis). The late 1970s saw the popularization of personal computers and the progress continues from then until now. An explosion of personal computers occurred in the 1970s. The Tandy Co rporation was one of the leading companies in computer technology.Their most popular invention was the TRS-80 arriving on the market in the late 1970s. It was immediately popular, selling out at Radio Shack where it was exclusively sold. The TRS-80 was sold for only $600, making it affordable for many individuals to own their own personal computer. Within its first year, over 55,000 consumers bought Tandy TRO-80 to use in their home or berth and over 250,000 of them sold in the next few years. Tandy Corporations TRS-80 had a keyboard and motherboard all in one. This is a common trend that other companies today use for their personal computer products.TRS-80 also included office applications, including a word processor, calculator, and early spreadsheet capabilities (The People History Computers From the 1970s). People during the late 70s embraced personal computers and used them for a variety of reasons, such as, games, office applications, home finances, storing date, and many ot her necessary usages. In 1975, Apple Computers was founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniac. The Apple II was launched in 1977 and was an immediate success as well. Apple created the home/personal computer that could be used by anybody.The success of the Apple II established Apple Computers as a main competitor in the field of personal computers. Then Dan Bricklin created a spreadsheet program called VisiCalc for the Apple II. It went on sale in 1979 and within four years it sold 700,000 copies at $250 a time (Trueman, 2000). By 1980, there were one million personal computers in the world. Computers have come an enormous way since their initial establishment, as the earliest electronic computers were so large that they would take up the entire area of a room, while today some are so small that they can fit in your hands. patch computers are now an important part of the everyday lives of human beings, there was a time where computers did not exist. Knowing the history of computers and how much progression has been made can help individuals understand just how complicated and innovative the creation of computers really is. The first programmable digital computers invented in the 1940s have dramatically changed in appearance and technology from today. They were as big as living rooms and were about as powerful as modern day calculators. Modern computers are billions of times more capable than early machines and occupy less space.Simple computers, such as smart phones, are small enough to fit into wide awake devices, and can be powered on by a small battery. In todays world, computers play an incredibly large role in the way the world exists in general, and the majority of tasks could actually not be sinless if not for the use of computers. Although there are certainly some areas and jobs that cannot yet be completed solely by computers and which thus still require actual manpower, for the most part, computers have helped to make life significantly easier, produc tive, and more convenient for us all. futurity computer technology will help solve many medical problems by reinterpreting sensory data and modulating brain activity. Technology will be so advanced that it may allow people who have lost the use of their limbs to use robotics to regain their disabled movements. The future of computer technology is very chic and welcomed indeed. Current trends, research, and development happening at a lightning speed supports this statement. Our children today will see a whole new world of technology with computers within the next decade.Works Citedhttp//inventors.about.com/od/istartinventions/a/intergrated_circuit.htmhttp//www.computerhistory.org/timeline/?category=cmptrhttp//www.thepeoplehistory.com/70scomputers.htmlhttp//www.historylearningsite.co.uk/personal_computer.htm

Succubus Revealed Chapter 16

The next hebdomad was bingleness of the longest in my emotional state. Every moment that passed was a moment with tabu circle and a nonher reminder that Id lost my one great love. tear down if I hadnt quit as Santas every(prenominal)eviateer, that job wouldve been done now eachway, so my days were made even longer by their emptiness. Hugh was oer a lot that week, and sometimes he and popish act to cheer me up or at least distract me. Mostly, they were holed up to specifyher, working on my appeal to nuthouse. They occasionally consulted me on it, but Hugh had most of the info he needed and simply had to put it all to line upher in the appropriate manner. The deuce of them discussed other things too, mostly having to do with the pitss legal system in general. I didnt entirely understand why, but Roman was very adamant astir(predicate) acquisition every detail of it. It was alike he was trying to pass the bar exam or something.I tried to preoccupy myself with packing for L as Vegas. Even with my appeal, I couldnt count on anything changing with my current nether regionish status. So, I had to go forward with life as though Vegas were definitely in my future. Packing was asinine fair to middling, however, that it didnt distract me so lots as alone provide more than time for me to ruminate and agonize everyplace being apart from lot.Packing in any case had its own pitfalls because I kept running into things that reminded me of him. The worst was when I unearthed a box of keepsakes collected from over the centuries. The most recent addition was a rout Seth had given me last Christmas, practiced before we broke up. It was a modern twist on a Byzantine wedding ring, deco roved with dolphins and sapphires. Even when wed gotten tooshie together, Id left it in the box. Little did he discern that I also had in the same box my actual wedding ring from the twenty percent century. It was worn with age but hadnt entirely lost its gleam. Looking at t hem both gave me a weird moment of disorientation as I tried to grasp the opinion that theyd technically been given to me by the same person.During that week, I also received a fair amount of e-mail from the Las Vegas crew. Phoebe, Bastien, Luis, and even Matthias had stayed in touch since my visit, and all seemed to incur increased their excitement over my pending move. Messages I would engender frame so witty and touching a week ago now left a bad taste in my mouth, now that I knew the truth slightly the transfer. Luis was simply helping to orchestrate Hells empyreal plan to keep me and Seth apart, and I didnt trust a single word he verbalize. Still, he was a demon, and one could expect a veritable amount of insincerity from him. Phoebe and especially Bastien hurt more because they were operating under the pretense of fellowship. I didnt doubt Bastien was still my friend, but everything he displace me seemed forced, since it was coming from the orders of those above him. Matthias was kind of a mystery. I didnt know what role he played here, if he was just a convenient mortal theyd found to take me on or if he was in league with Hell. Many humans knowingly were, in the hopes of grandiose rewards someday. For all I knew, he could be an innocent in all this, just an ordinary guy who thought hed lucked out in finding a dancer. Without being able to say for sure, I took no joy in his e-mails either.Notably missing from the Las Vegas gangs correspondence was Jamie. Id received no friendly Cant wait to see you messages at all from him, something I surmise was also a direct result of Hells orders. They wouldnt want to risk the topic of Milton again. When I mentioned this to Roman and Hugh, they told me it would be surprising if Jamie was even still in Las Vegas. If Hell saw him as a liability that might inadvertently expose the double-contract snafu, Hugh felt the odds were good theyd simply removed him to prevent me from finding him. If so, I hoped it was simply a consequence of a transfer and that the imp hadnt been punished for drunkenly revealing information he didnt realize was dangerous.On New Years Eve, Hugh and Roman told me my petition was finished. They presented it to me, a staggeringly huge stack of paper filled with legalese, and showed me where to sign. There was an air of both gravity and pride around them, like theyd just created a painstakingly crafted work of art. Considering how rare this type of event was, perhaps that wasnt such a bad assessment.I gave the ream back to Hugh, at one time Id signed it about fifteen times. Now what? I asked.Now I take it to mei and say you gave it to me to submit to Hell. I also claim ignorance about what this is in deal to, but the fact that it went through me tips her off that theres a witness to it all. Not that shed probably lose it or anything, but . . . hygienic, with demons, its best to be cautious.Are they arightfully liberation to believe youre a hapless messenger ? I asked.Hugh crooked me a smiling and gestured to the paperwork. Well, they certainly arent going to believe you did this on your own. But theres no real way to prove my involvement, and anyway, I gainnt technically done anything wrong. Im an imp. I conduct business for Hell. Thats what this is.Too many days of pent-up emotion took demand of me, and I flung my arms around Hugh. Thank you, I said. Thank you so much.It was all kind of awkward since he was trying to juggle the papers, but he still managed to pat me on the back. Its nonhing, sweetie, he said, seeming a bit flustered. I just hope it actually accomplishes something.I stepped back and attempted to get myself under control. How will we know if it does?When youre summoned to Hell, he said.Oh. My heart lurched with fear. I actually . . . actually kick in to go there?Roman leaned against the wall and crossed his arms. How else do you think this is going to get resolved?Id kind of just hoped theyd send me a letter, I said. You know, like a college acceptance.Hugh snorted. Afraid not. If they respond to it, theyll summon you to Hell and hold a hearing to examine the contract, your complaints, and whatever evidence either side can muster.I wrapped my arms around myself, trying to photograph what that hearing would be like. Ive never been to Hell. Have either of you?They shook their heads, which wasnt a surprise. Lesser immortals were recruited on Earth, where they thence served. We had no causality to visit the realm of our employers, not even an imp like Hugh. Roman, as a nephilim, was on Heaven and Hells hit list. Walking into Hell would be like showing up in a lions den and presenting yourself on a platter.I always kind of pictured Hell as a cross between waiting in line at the DMV and watching a marathon of Perfect Strangers, remarked Hugh.Roman shot him a sharp look. Whats wrong with that show?Overcome, I hugged Hugh again and then Roman. Thanks, you guys. I mean it. I owe you . . . more than I can ever pay back.Just win, said Roman fiercely. Thats all the payback I need.Hugh put the papers into his briefcase and slipped on his coat. Im going to get these over to Mei now, then head off to a party and drink away the memories of wade through all that legalese.Youre going to Peters? I asked. Unsurprisingly, our vampire friend was holding a shindig to ring in the New Year.Nah, said Hugh. Not much chance of get laid there. Im going to a party one of my nurses is hosting.We wished him a happy new year and bid him farewell. As soon as he was gone, Roman turned to me. What about you? he asked. Are you going to Peters?I knew Peter was counting on it, but it was hard to make myself olfactory property like celebrating. No. Im not in the mood. Besides, Im not sure I want to risk running into Jerome since Im sure Meis going to tell him about the appeal. Ill just keep packing.Come on, Roman said. You cant just sit around tonight. Its a new year . . . new opportunities. Maybe even the chance to break disengage of Hell.I nodded, though it was still hard for me to imagine what breaking free would even look like. It was something we kept talking about, but I really couldnt finger it yet. And even though Id talked a good talk to Seth about how the integrity of the soul and eternity were so much more important than any earthly concerns, it all seemed lackluster without him in my life. I know, I told Roman. But any celebrating I do is going to be forced. If Im going to be unhappy, Id quite an do it in a place where I feel comfortable.He glanced at the clock. Lets at least go out to dinner. Dress up and get a good meal. Then well come back and watch all the New Years shows.I didnt have much of an appetite but suspected if I said no, Roman would consign himself to the same self-imprisonment as me. I didnt want his night ruined because of me, especially after everything hed done this week. One problem presented itself.Its about five, I said. Well never get in anywhere on such short notice. Unless we want to dress up for Taco Bell. Which Im actually not reluctant to.Roman was already reaching for his cell phone. I know someone whos a chef at this Italian place in Green Lake. Well get a table.Sure enough. One mysterious phone call, and we were on our way an hour later. I hadnt been up for elaborate styling and simply shape-shifted myself into New Years finery, with an off-the-shoulder satin dress and my sensory hair cascading in perfect waves. Roman had warned me no black, so the dress was dark purple, which still seemed appropriate for my mood. I paired it with a glittering necklace of white favorable and amethysts that had been my Secret Santa gift to myself. I had great taste.Have you made any moves to put your condo on the market? asked Roman as he host us through the city. Contacted a real estate agent?I gazed out at the bright illumines of the downtown skyline. This time of year, darkness came early. No. I need to. Unless . . . I glanced over at him. Do you want to keep staying there? Ill keep it and rent if you want.He shook his head, a wry smile playing over his lips. No. It wouldnt be the same without you and those furballs. Ill get another place. Sell it or rent it to someone else.Easier to sell, I mused. Well, in theory. But Im not concerned with profit, and it saves the hassle of screening and dealing with I breakped as a startling thought of a sudden came to me. Hey. Do we have time for a, oh, fifteen- beautiful stop? Will your friend get rid of our table?Not if I call. Where do you need to go?The U District. Seths place. Dont worry, I added, seeing his look of alarm. Im not going to do anything crazy or lovestruck. Im not even going to see Seth. Please? Just a quick stop?Roman concurred, though his expression said this was against his better judgment. I almost told him his fears were unfounded because I was only going to actually stop if Margaret was home and Seth wasnt. The odds against that chess ope ning seemed slim, particularly with the way my luck tended to run.The universe apparently owed me a favor because when we reached Seths condo, I saw her car there but not his. A light inside gave me hope that they hadnt just all carpooled off together.Do you need me to come in? asked Roman, as he pulled into my parking spot.No, but thanks. Ill be right back.I left the car and walked up to the door, hoping some wacky happenstance wouldnt actually put me face to face with Seth. Not that I wouldnt have love to see him. God, I missed him so, so much. But I knew no good could come of an encounter between us. I rang the bell and waited anxiously. A a few(prenominal) moments later, Margaret answered.Georgina, she said, clearly move. What are you doing here? She took in my appearance. Are you supposed to meet Seth?No . . . can I come in for a minute? Ill be fast, I promise. She had on a coat, making me think shed been about to leave. Either that or she was trying to save Seth money on his oestrus bills.She gestured me inside and shut the door. I was about to go to Terrys. Seths already there. I didnt bother asking where Ian was. He probably celebrated New Years on January tertiary or something, just to be contrary. You havent been around in a while.I wondered what Seth had told his family about us, if hed even told them anything at all. Maybe he was just going to say nothing until one of them noticed my absence.Ah, well, I said. Seth and I are having a disagreement.She clucked her tongue disapprovingly. You two need to sit down and locating it then.How I wished it was that easy. I forced a neutral smile. Well see, I said. But the thing is . . . I may be moving. No, I am moving. I have a new job . . . and I was wondering if youd like to stay in my condo when I leave. I remember you saying you didnt want to chitchat on Seths space but that you wished you could stick around more to help. Well, now you can. You can have your own place. Mine.I cant afford to keep my place in Chicago and pay rent somewhere here, though, she said sadly. Thats been the problem.You dont have to pay rent, I said. You can stay there for free.She eyed me curiously. How will you afford your owe?Yes, how indeed would a poor retail-bound girl like me be able to swing that? The condos paid off, I explained. Let her think it was passed down through the family or something. And my new job pays well. Look, I really dont mind you staying. Itd be worth it to me to know that the girls have you close by to help. I mean, theyre going to need a strong woman around, right?Margaret took a few moments to answer. Right. I just thought youd be that woman.Fate has other plans, I said. Wasnt that the damned truth.Is that why you and Seth arent getting along? Because youre moving? Im surprised he doesnt just go with you. . . .No, no, its not that at all, I assured her. Its . . . complicated. If it was as simple as moving, he would when he was able to . . . you know, when Andreas better. I hesitated, afraid of the answer to the next question, but it was one I had to know. With no contact from Seth, the status of the Mortensens had been a mystery. How is Andrea? Is she still doing well?Yes, shes doing great. We wont know the details for sure until she sees the doctor in a brace weeks, but on the outside, things look wonderful. Were all praying.I found myself smiling, unable to help my joy and relief. Andrea had looked good at Christmas, but Id worried ever since then that whatever demon had made her sick before would return one of these days. Again, a doctor would have the ultimate answer, but I took Margarets own observation as a good sign.Thank you, I said. You have no idea how much that makes my night. Ive needed some good news.Well, thank you for the housing offer. Can I let you know my answer later?Of course, I said.I wished her a happy new year and told her good night. Then, I hurried off before I cracked and asked her to deliver some sentimental message to Se th. I liked Romans company, but I still couldnt shake the wrongness of being out with him instead of Seth tonight. After last years miserable New Years Eve, Id hoped this one would be better.That was nice of you, Roman said, when I explained what I discussed with Margaret.Its an easy thing for me to do that can help a lot of people, I said. No rationality not to.He shook his head, incredulous. You shouldnt even need a technicality to escape Hells reach. They should fire you out of principle.The restaurant was tiny but elegant and packed. I seriously doubted any connections Roman had would get us in, but through some magic, the hostess beckoned us through the crowd and led us back to a cozy candlelit corner. In it was a table covered with an old-fashioned lace cloth, as well as crystal and china place settings for three.I looked at her in surprise. But theres only Hey, hope Im not late. Carter suddenly emerged from the crowd, wearing his usual grunge wear. The hostess didnt even blink an eye. Seeing us about to sit down, he smiled. I guess not.What are you doing here? I asked. I looked to Roman, who appeared just as perplexed as I was.I didnt tell him any details. He called while you were inside Seths to see if we were going to Peters, and I told him we were going to dinner instead. Thats it.Carter waved it off. Thats as good as a put up beacon. I love this place. Youre getting wine, right?It wasnt that I was unhappy to see Carter. It was just that when Carter appeared, there was usually a reason.So you heard? I said, once wed placed our orders and dispensed with small talk.Carter swirled the wine in his glass. Wed ordered a nice vintage that would probably be wasted on him at the rate he drank. That youre skipping Peters party? Yeah, I did. Man, hes going to be pissed.I tweaked my eyes. Thats not what I mean. Are you here about the appeal we filed?Im here to have dinner with friends, said Carter demurely. But now that you mention it . . .Word gets around fast, huh? I asked. It had been a couple hours since wed seen Hugh, more than enough time for him to deliver the paperwork to Mei and enough for her to have told Jerome.Oh, I found out from him, said Carter, nodding toward Roman.He asked when he called me earlier, explained Roman. He knew wed been working on it.How? I asked, startled.Hugh and I have had to consult him on a couple of things this week, said Roman. Nothing that breaks any rules, of course. Carter gave him a mock toast to that. But enough to clarify a couple points about Hells fucked-up legal system.I wondered what they had needed to consult Carter on but doubted theyd tell me. I was also kind of amazed that Id been so out of it this week that I hadnt even known my legal team had been in touch with the angel. No, on second thought, I wasnt that surprised. My misery had been pretty all-consuming.So what do you think our odds are? I asked.Carter shook his head. I cant answer that.Because it breaks a rule?Because its too tempting for me to answer with a joke about a snowballs chance in Hell.I sighed. Thats not very comforting.Youre awfully grim about this, said Carter. I figured thered be a elfin more excitement from someone trying to win back their soul.It doesnt mean much without Seth, I said.Oh, for Gods sake, said Roman. He reached for the wine bottle. Youre on the verge of getting your soul and your life back . . . and hes still what determines your happiness ? You dont need a relationship to be happy, Georgina.No, I agreed. But Seths not just any relationship. Hes tied to my soul. He found me in the world of dreams. Weve come together, life after life. Im not just some girl who needs a guy around. Seth and I are connected. We both have done terrible things to each other . . . but also made great sacrifices for each other. It just seems like only half a victory to get my soul back but not be with the person whos affected it so much.Roman surprised me by acknowledging the point. Okay. I can se e where youre coming from there.And, added Carter gently, you need to replay your own words there. You and Seth have come back together, life after life. What makes you think you wont again?Well, his recent actions for one, I remarked bitterly. That and . . . I dont know. Just the look in his eyes.Seth had a lot thrown at him all at once. Whose idea was the hypnosis anyway?Mine, said Roman. And get that accusing tone out of your voice. It was the fastest and easiest way we had to get the information we needed.Perhaps, said Carter. But theres a reason reborn mortals forget their past lives. Its a lot to process, and that kind of regression brings on too much, too fast.Hugh kind of said something like that too, I said.Carter nodded, greyish eyes kind. Dont give up on Seth yet. I think he might surprise you once hes settled down. He loved you enough to always come back to you. He loved you enough to remember you, even when Hell tried to erase you from his mind. Thats powerful stuff, D aughter of Lilith.It was, and I suddenly questioned how fairly Id been approaching this situation. My old fears had held me back from truly fighting for Seth. I also hadnt really tried to imagine what it must be like for him to have ten people in one mind.It could take a while, I said, unable to meet Carters eyes. For him to come around, I mean. And it could take a while for Hell to respond to my appeal too, right? Both men nodded. What do I do then? What do I do with all that time?You live, said Carter. You go on with the life you have, with the opportunities you have. You want your soul. You want Seth. If its within your power to achieve those things, do it. If its not, accept it and figure out what else you want.I muddled over his words. Part of my immediate life is dictated for me. I have to go to Las Vegas.What do you want to do there? prompted Carter.Be happy . . . if its possible. I knew I was being melodramatic but couldnt help it. If I have to be there, Id like some sort of chance at a happy life that I created. Not a fake one Hell fashioned for me. I thought about it some more. Id like to find out if Bastien is my friend first and Hells servant second.There you go, said Carter. Start there. Focus on what you can control.Id like to help Seths family too, I added, kind of on a roll now. Im already trying to do something for his mom, but before I leave them, I want to do whatever I can. Even if Hell leaves Andrea alone, we dont know how things will turn out. Even if Seth decides he never wants to see me again, I still care about them. And there are still things they need.Indeed. That pony collection isnt nearly complete, Carter mused. When I dared a look back at him, I saw that the angel was smiling at me. You see? You arent lost. No matter what happens to you, you have a plan. Theres still hope.You told me that once . . . that no matter what happens, theres always hope. Do you really still believe that? I asked.Carter topped off all of our wine supply . Im an angel, Georgina. I wouldnt have said it if I didnt.And even though youre counseling contingency plans, you still think I can pull it all off, dont you? I pushed. What do you know that I dont?At this point? he admitted. Nothing more than you do. The only difference is that I think I have more cartel in you than you do.Youre an angel, I pointed out, throwing his words back at him. Dont you have to have faith in everyone?Youd be surprised. He chuckled. I have faith in some more than others. And you? Ive always been one of your biggest fans. If you believe nothing else, believe that.Here, here, said Roman, raising his glass. To faith and a new year.I clinked glasses with them and caught Carters eye. He winked. Was it enough? His faith? Id noted before that having him pull for the Mortensens was a powerful thing. Having an angel say he believed in you was equally monumental. But I wasnt fighting an ordinary adversary. I was fighting Hell, the only force that could stand against Heaven.Ive always been one of your biggest fans.I would find out soon if it was enough. For now, I drank up and tried to have hope.

Questions on Computer Basics and Software

No. of Printed Pages 4 BACHELOR IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA Revised) Term-End Examination cV 00 June, 2012 BCS-011 BCS-011 COMPUTER BASICS AND P C SOFTWARE Time 3 hours Maximum Marks 100 Weightage 75% Note Question number 1 is compulsory and carries 40 marks. Attempt either three questions from the rest. (a) Convert the following hexadecimal number to equivalent binary and decimal (i) (ii) (b) (51)16 (DA)16 5 4 1. How is the access time on a platter is defined ? develop each of the component of access time with the help of an example. apologise the basic structure of a computer system ? With the help of a diagram .A personal computer has a component called motherboard. How is motherboard related to the basic computer structure ? (c) 6 BCS-011 1 P. T. O. List five facilities that are provided by an operating system to a user or to a program. Draw a flow chart to add integer between 2 to (n+1) where n2. Explain the terms Subroutine and function with the help of an exampl e. Consider two IP addresses 160. 10. 11. 25 160. 10. 12. 35 Do they belong to the same network , if (i) The subnet mask is 255. 255. 0. 0 (ii) The subnet mask is 255. 255. 255. 0 release your answer. (h) What is a Wide atomic number 18a Network (WAN) ? What are the characteristics of WAN ?How are they different from LANs ? Is Internet a WAN ? Justify your answer. What is the need of memory hierarchy in a computer system ? Explain with the help of various trade offs like cost, speed, size etc. What is unrepentant software ? List various types of perverse software. Give four ways to counter perverse software. What are cookies in the context of Browser software ? Are cookies bad ? Explain. List four precautions for safe browsing. BCS-011 2 7 6 8 6 3. (a) Compare and contrast the characteristics of the following (i) (ii) (b) Dot matrix newspaperman versus Laser printer Cathode ray tube monitors versus liquid crystal display monitors. (c) Latest word processor have text 8 manipulat ion functions that reach out beyond a basic ability to enter and change text . Explain any four of these advanced text manipulation functions. 6 Explain the characteristics of the following data transmission channels (i) (ii) Optic fiber cables Radio waves (iii) Infrared 4. (a) List six activities that should be part of an e-learning system. Explain the phases of content learning in e-learning. (b) Compare and contrast the following (i) (ii) SRAM versus DRAM SIMM versus DIMM 6 8 (iii) ROM versus PROM (iv) CD-ROM versus Pen drive. c) What is Open Source Software ? What are the main features of open source development model ? BCS-011 3 6 P. T. O. 5. Explain any five of the following with the help of an example/diagram, if needed. (i) (ii) The uses of WIKI in collaboration. The activities/actions performed by a search engine. 20 (iii) TCP/IP model. (iv) (v) (vi) Activities in a project management software. Batch systems and time sharing operating systems. Different types of separ ate in a computer. (vii) Concept of Instruction and motivation for development of UNICODE. BCS-011 4

Multinational Operations in China

Obtaining a big profit is a reliable sign of conquest of a familiarity. But ahead you achieve this kind of accomplishment, one moldinessiness(prenominal) know the important things that should be considered in doing a disdain. If a fraternity wants to business in China, one moldiness have a clear understanding of the locale or in picky China where you want to formal it. . It is precise important to understand and comprehend yourself with the culture of a country onwards investing capital in your business.China is one of the largest nations in the world and in fact the most populous country in the world hence there is a wide range of diversity in culture, beliefs and behavior. The companion must first understand it before undertaking operations in China. By doing so, one can established a greater possibility of surviving and even succeeding in the venture taken.The company must besides know the local business practices before you do business in a particular bea in China. China has most diverse cultural differences in the world and understanding its business culture is very vital. Since either country has different culture, what works with one country can not be appropriate for China. Becoming aware of how people think and their business practices can establish check and harmonious relationship with them. Organizational practices, activities and policies must be flexible and adaptable so that it can alter easily with Chinas practices.Having a representative office in union with a difficult local private partner and which has access to all important information is very strategic and overhaul to attain success. Setting up a joint venture is a good move for a company but one must ensure that they have selected the correct partner or else two companies will end up in failure. In the management part, Chinese expertise must be integrated or consulted in the decision making process. This will guaranteed that all aspect of China is considered before m aking a decision.There is a big need of establishing business relationships. Relationship or also known as Guanxi is an essential component in attaining success in China. Top level coach-and-four must know the importance of establishing and nurturing close relationship with their customer, supplier and their local counterparts. It is a great attend to in knowing the domestic market of China and also builds a strong bond that the company can use in need of assistance or in case of trouble.Company must also build a strong relationship with the Chinas governance officials. Government is the briny portion in the economic movements. They play a vital role in ensuring economic stableness and administering foreign investments. Approval, application, and authorization of the business can encountered fewer interruptions or delays if one has already established good relations with the regime.Company must know the fiscal system of China in doing business here. heaps Bank of China is the one trusty for the establishment and implementation of macroeconomic and fiscal policies. PBOC is also responsible for the regulation of currency circulation and domestic financial activities.Seniority is an important in China. Hence, one must be polite in conversing with older people. Labor relations are also an important factor to secure business stability. The company must established good relations with their employees. They must look for their welfare. The company need human resources, without them company operations may be suspended and may eventually entrust to the closure of the company if not handled well.It is also important to recognize the preferential policies offered in China so one can be able to take advantage of it. These policies stimulate foreign investments. Industrial policies manage foreign investment projects. They are classified as encouraged, stomachted, restricted and prohibited.China has extremely promoted the subsequent measures to cherish intellectua l property rights. In fact China has decreed the Patent, Trademark and Copyright law in order to secure such rights. Works must be registered to the related authorities.In line with this, the government of China proclaimed several security measures to monitor the import publication and reproduction of recorded tapes, picture show tapes and the like. State Press and Publications Administration, must first grant an approval on the import goods and necessary permit papers must ne obtained. It is subjected to further examination of products. Violation of these security measures may result to tax deduction of illegal income and closure of business and payment of fines.China has also required all enterprises to maintain books or accounts for all their business related activities. At the end of the year, they are required to pass an annual financial report. Thus, a company that wants a business in China should know this financial reporting and accounting system policy.Tax is the main so urce of fiscal income of China. It plays an important role in strengthening the macro-economic regulation which is responsible for economic and social development.On the other hand, taxation policies are relatively important in every company. Tax contribute to the input cost of the company, thus it is needed to know the tax policy before doing production and market operations. Also, one can know which kind of business has lower or minify tax and even exempted to pay such kind of charge.Given those kinds of considerations, tips and reminders on doing business in China, the company would surely make profit on it. Based on the research employee welfare, labor relations are indeed important factors in establishing a business in China. Although the CEO does not believe on this and my only task as a researcher is to gather strategic information, I will dormant include those findings. As a prudent researcher, it is important to include such information because it may yarn-dye the compan y operations, activities and profit. My task is to gather strategic information on business in China and these findings I assume is still part of my job.If I do not include such information on the research, this may create trouble for the company. My point is, it is safe to include it on the research since I fitting give it as an extra detail. The task is now on my CEO whether he still wants to admit his beliefs or these new finding.ReferencesCoble International. (1988-2008). Doing occupancy in China. Retrieved April 17, 2008 from http//www.importexporthelp.com/doing-business-in-china.htm.Lee, Joseph. Analysis of the Failure and Success of Doing Business in China. Retrieved April 17, 2008 from http//www.china-window.com/china_business/doing_PKF Accountants and Business Advisers. Doing Business in China. Retrieved April 17, 2008 from http//www.pkf.com/jahia/webdav/site/pkf/users/emmaWilliams, DeEdra. (1998-2008). China. Retrieved April 17, 2008 from http//www.cyborlink.com/besite/ china.htm.